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General information

Some interesting articles

• Serious quantum computers are finally here. What are we going to do with them? – MIT Technology Review (login required)
• FT: Early quantum computing investors see benefits (2018)
• FT: Quantum computing: the power to think outside the box
• WIRED: What are quantum computers and how do they work? (2018)
• MIT Technology Review: Google thinks it’s close to quantum supremacy. Here’s what that really means
• The Era of Quantum Computing Is Here. Outlook: Cloudy
• WIRED: Why This Intercontinental Quantum-encrypted Video Hangout is a Big Deal
• What Will Quantum Computer Games Be Like?
• Finally, a Problem That Only Quantum Computers Will Ever Be Able to Solve
• What’s up in quantum computing – a list of acticles in Quanta magazine
• Defense Media Activity: Quantum 101
• American Scientist: Programming Your Quantum Computer

News & announcements

• Department of Energy Announces $218 Million for Quantum Information Science
• UCL partners with Google to grow quantum software industry in the UK
• Why Alibaba is betting big on AI chips and quantum computing
• Ford Signs Up to Use NASA’s Quantum Computers
• Bleximo raises $1.5M for its quantum computing accelerators

Technical literature

Overviews

• Microsoft: What is quantum computing?
• Wikipedia: Quantum computing
• Quantum Computing Report

Books

Primary

• Quantum Computation and Quantum Information by Nielsen & Chuang (10th anniversary edition, 2011), considered the standard textbook in the field – some solutions to exercises can be found here or here or here or here
• Quantum Computing: A Gentle Introduction by Eleanor G. Rieffel, Wolfgang H. Polak (2014). Solutions to the exercises are discussed here
• Quantum Computing since Democritus by Scott Aaronson (2013)
• Problems and Solutions in Quantum Computing and Quantum Information by Willi-Hans Steeb and Yorick Hardy (4rd edition, 2018)

Secondary

• Quantum Algorithms via Linear Algebra by Lipton & Regan (2014)
• Picturing Quantum Processes: A First Course in Quantum Theory and Diagrammatic Reasoning by Bob Coecke and Aleks Kissinger (2017)
• Quantum Computing for Computer Scientists by Noson S. Yanofsky and Mirco A. Mannucci (2008)
• Programming Quantum Computers: Essential Algorithms and Code Samples by Gimeno-Segovia, Harrigan, and Johnston (2019)
• Computing With Quantum Cats: From Colossus To Qubits by John Gribbin (2014)
• Introduction to Quantum Information Science by Masahito Hayashi, Satoshi Ishizaka, Akinori Kawachi, Gen Kimura, Tomohiro Ogawa (2015)
• Explorations in Quantum Computing by Colin P. Williams (2nd edition, 2011)
• Quantum Information by S.M. Barnett (2009)
• An Introduction to Quantum Computing by Kaye, Laflamme and Mosca (2009)
• Quantum Computer Science: An Introduction by N. David Mermin (2007)
• Quantum Computing and Communications by Imre & Balazs (Wiley 2005)
• A Shortcut Through Time: The Path to a Quantum Computer by George Johnson (2004)
• Classical and Quantum Computation by Kitaev, Shen, and Vyalyi (2002)

Online learning

• MITx: Quantum Information Science
• edX/Toronto: Quantum Machine Learning
• DelftX: The Building Blocks of a Quantum Computer
• Coursera/Saint Petersburg State University: The Introduction to Quantum Computing
• Understanding Quantum Computers

There is also a list of online courses.

Talks & Lecture notes & other stuff

• The Impact of Quantum Computing – by Daniel Lidar, University of Southern California, 2017
• Quantum Computation - Lecture Notes by John Preskill, CalTech
• Quantum Computing for Computer Scientists – by Microsoft 2016
• Quantum Computation by Alessandra Di Pierro
• Quantum computing for the determined by Michael Nielsen
• Decodoku – quantum computing via games (!)
• The Limits of Quantum – by Scott Aaronson (2008, old)

Technical papers

• From Cbits to Qbits: Teaching Computer Scientists Quantum Mechanics by N. David Mermin
• An Introduction to Quantum Computing by Noson S. Yanofsky (2007)
• Quantum attacks on Bitcoin, and how to protect against them by D. Aggarwal, et.al (2017)
• A fast quantum mechanical algorithm for database search by L. Grover (1996)
• Applying Grover‘s algorithm to AES: quantum resource estimates by M. Grassl, et.al (2015)
• Polynomial-time algorithms for prime factorization and discrete logarithms on a quantum computer by P. Shor (1996)
• A quantum inspired classical algorithm for recommendation systems by E. Tang (2018)
• Problems in Quantum Computing by Willi-Hans Steeb and Yorick Hardy (these are the problems from their book?)

Practical quantum programming

• Microsoft has created a language Q# and a Quantum Development Kit which can be downloaded here
• Microsoft hosts a set of Q# learning exercises called Quantum Katas
• There is also a coding contest
• Further, there is a QuTech-KPN Quantum Internet Programming Competition
• IBM has released Qiskit (Quantum Information Science Kit)
• How to program a quantum computer

Academic and public research institutions

• NASA Quantum Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (QuAIL) (lead researcher Eleanor Rieffel, who got her math Ph.D. from UCLA in 1993)
• Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) – Logical Qubits (LogiQ)
• UK National Quantum Technologies
• QuTech - Research and development in quantum technology (Delft)
• Harvard Quantum Initiative
• Yale Quantum Institute

Players involved

Major companies

The big companies / institutions which are pursuing quantum computing are:

• IBM Q is an initiative to build commercially available universal quantum computers for business and science
• Google Quantum is a research effort from Google AI that aims to build quantum processors and develop novel quantum algorithms to dramatically accelerate computational tasks for machine learning
• Microsoft Quantum Research or here

Specialist QC companies and start-ups

• 1Qbit – solving demanding computational challenges by recasting problems to harness the power of quantum computing, based in Vancouver, Canada
• Agnostiq – builds software solutions that enable users to experiment with quantum processors over the cloud
• Aliro – makes software that facilitates user access to present day quantum computers
• ApexQubit – developing a platform for drugs engineering powered by quantum computing
• Atom Computing – building scalable quantum computers out of individual atoms
• Beit – designing and implementing an algorithm for effectively solving an relevant NP-complete class of problems using Quantum Computers
• Black Brane Systems – provides a cloud-based, virtualized, 128-qubit universal quantum computer, acting as a plug-and-play alternative target machine for the Microsoft Quantum Developer Kit and Q# program
• Bleximo – building practical superconducting quantum computers
• Boxcat – the first quantum startup in the world to render an image using a quantum computer (website blocked by DB IT)
• Cambridge Quantum Computing
• ColdQuanta
• D-Wave – founded in 1999, the world’s first quantum computing company and the leader in the development and delivery of quantum computing systems and software, with offices in Vancouver, Palo Alto, and Hanover (Maryland)
• Entropica Labs
• SGInnovate
• GTN LTD
• Heisenberg Quantum Simulations – developing quantum algorithms to predict molecular properties for performance materials, specialty chemicals and pharmaceutical companies, based in Karlsruhe
• Horizon Quantum Computing
• HQS Quantum Simulations
• btov Partners
• HQS Quantum Simulations
• ID Quantique
• IonQ – using flexible, ionized atoms as the heart of their quantum systems, based in College Park, Maryland
• IQM – build scalable hardware for universal quantum computers, focusing on superconducting technology (Espoo, Finland)
• ISARA
• JoS QUANTUM GmbH – start-up with the ambition to become a major quantum software company within the financial industry, based in Frankfurt
• Kets Quantum Security
• kiutra – developing next-generation cooling devices for basic research, quantum technology, and detector applications based on magnetic cooling
• MDR
• Nu Quantum
• Oxford Quantum Circuits
• Pasqal
• Phasecraft
• Post-Quantum
• ProteinQure
• PsiQuantum – building a general purpose silicon photonic quantum computer
• Q-CTRL
• QCWare
• Quantum Benchmark
• Quantum Circuits Inc.
• Quantum Machines
• Quantum Motion Technologies
• Qubitekk
• QuiX
• Qulab
• QunaSys
• QxBranch/Rigetti
• Rahko – unlocking discovery with quantum machine learning for chemical simulation (London)
• Rigetti Computing – building quantum computers, based in Berkeley
• Riverlane
• Sigma-i
• Solid State AI
• Sparrow Quantum
• SpeQtral
• Strangeworks
• Turing
• Xanadu – leader in photonic quantum computing and advanced artificial intelligence (Toronto)
• Zapata Computing

Venture Capital

Venture capital organizations with known investments in Quantum Computing are listed here.